Singularity

OS and tools for building dependable systems. The Singularity research codebase and design evolved to become the Midori advanced-development OS project. While never reaching commercial release, at one time Midori powered all of Microsoft’s natural language search service for the West Coast and Asia.

“…it is impossible to predict how a singularity will affect objects in its causal future.” – NCSA Cyberia Glossary (opens in new tab)

What’s New?

The Singularity Research Development Kit (RDK) 2.0 is available for academic non-commercial use. You can download it from CodePlex, Microsoft’s open source project hosting website, here (opens in new tab).

Our article in Operating Systems Review, Singularity: Rethinking the Software Stack, is a concise introduction to the Singularity project.

  • Singularity was a multi-year research project focused on the construction of dependable systems through innovation in the areas of systems, languages, and tools. We built a research operating system prototype (called Singularity), extended programming languages, and developed new techniques and tools for specifying and verifying program behavior.

    team of researchers working on project Singularity

    Advances in languages, compilers, and tools open the possibility of significantly improving software. For example, Singularity uses type-safe languages and an abstract instruction set to enable what we call Software Isolated Processes (SIPs). SIPs provide the strong isolation guarantees of OS processes (isolated object space, separate GCs, separate runtimes) without the overhead of hardware-enforced protection domains. In the current Singularity prototype SIPs are extremely cheap; they run in ring 0 in the kernel’s address space. Singularity uses these advances to build more reliable systems and applications. For example, because SIPs are so cheap to create and enforce, Singularity runs each program, device driver, or system extension in its own SIP. SIPs are not allowed to share memory or modify their own code. As a result, we can make strong reliability guarantees about the code running in a SIP. We can verify much broader properties about a SIP at compile or install time than can be done for code running in traditional OS processes. Broader application of static verification is critical to predicting system behavior and providing users with strong guarantees about reliability.

  • Members

    Mark Aiken
    Paul Barham
    Trishul Chilimbi
    John DeTreville
    Ulfar Erlingsson
    Wolfgang Grieskamp
    Tim Harris

    Orion Hodson
    Rebecca Isaacs
    Mike Jones
    Steven Levi
    Roy Levin
    Nick Murphy

    Jakob Rehof
    Wolfram Schulte
    Dan Simon
    Bjarne Steensgaard
    David Tarditi
    Ted Wobber

    Interns

    2007

    • Ryan Braud (University of Califorina, San Diego
    • Michael Carbin (MIT)
    • Michael Emmi (UCLA)
    • Gabriel Kliot (Technion – Israel Institute of Technology)
    • Ross McIlroy (University of Glasgow)
    • Filip Pizlo (Purdue University)
    • Polyvios Pratikakis (Univ. of Maryland)

    2006

    • Marc Eaddy (Columbia University)
    • Haryadi S. Gunawi (Univ. of Wisconsin – Madison)
    • Hiroo Ishikawa (Waseda University)
    • Virendra J. Marathe (Rochester)
    • Polyvios Pratikakis (University of Maryland)
    • Roussi Roussev (Florida Tech)
    • César Spessot (Universidad Tecnológica Nacional Facultad Córdoba)

    2005

    • Michael Carbin (Stanford)
    • Adam Chlipala (UC Berkeley)
    • Martin Pohlack (TU Dresden)
    • Avi Shinnar (Harvard)
    • Mike Spear (Rochester)
    • Aydan Yumerefendi (Duke)

    2004

    • Jeremy Condit (UC Berkeley)
    • Daniel Frampton (Australian National University)
    • Chip Killian (UC San Diego)
    • Fernando Castor de Lima Filho (Universidade Estadual de Campinas)
    • Prince Mahajan (IIT Roorkee)
    • Bill McCloskey (UC Berkeley)
    • Martin Murray
    • Tom Roeder (Cornell)
    • Avi Shinnar (Columbia)
    • Yaron Weinsberg (Hebrew University of Jerusalem)

People

Portrait of Chris Hawblitzel

Chris Hawblitzel

Senior Principal Researcher

Portrait of Dushyanth Narayanan

Dushyanth Narayanan

Senior Principal Researcher

Portrait of Galen Hunt

Galen Hunt

Distinguished Engineer

Portrait of Richard Black

Richard Black

Project Silica Research Director

Portrait of Sriram Rajamani

Sriram Rajamani

Corporate Vice President, Microsoft Research

Portrait of Ben Zorn

Ben Zorn

Partner Researcher